A ceremonial mark or dot applied to the forehead in Hindu culture.

Origin: The word 'तिलक' (tilaka) originates from the ancient Sanskrit language, where it was used to denote a mark, spot, or symbol. It is derived from the root 'til' meaning sesame, as sesame seeds were often used in the preparation of the paste for the mark.Historical and Cultural Context: The earliest mentions of 'tilak' are found in Vedic scriptures dating back to approximately 1500 BCE. It was used in religious rituals and ceremonies, serving as a sacred symbol of auspiciousness and devotion.Evolution: Over centuries, the application of tilak has evolved from simple dots to intricate designs, varying in color and style across different Hindu sects and regions. Cognates in related Indo-Aryan languages include Hindi 'तिलक' and Marathi 'तिलक'.Modern Relevance: Today, tilak is widely recognized as a symbol of cultural and spiritual identity, often worn during festivals, weddings, and religious events. It signifies the third eye or spiritual vision and is believed to protect against negative energies.

In some Hindu traditions, the color and shape of the tilak can indicate the deity one worships or the sect to which one belongs.